What Is Cooperative Learning?
A structured teaching strategy where students work together in small groups toward a shared learning goal, with individual accountability for each member.
Cooperative learning is a structured approach to group work where students work together in small groups (typically 2-5 members) to achieve a shared learning goal. It's distinct from informal group work because it includes five essential elements identified by Johnson and Johnson.
The five elements are: positive interdependence (the group sinks or swims together), individual accountability (each member is responsible for their own learning), face-to-face interaction, social skills instruction, and group processing (reflecting on how the group worked together).
Common cooperative learning structures include Think-Pair-Share, Jigsaw, Numbered Heads Together, Round Robin, and Gallery Walk. These structures ensure that all students participate — not just the most vocal or confident members of the group.
Related Terms
PBL (Project-Based Learning)
A teaching method where students learn by actively investigating and responding to authentic, complex questions or challenges over an extended period.
Scaffolding
Temporary instructional supports that help students accomplish tasks they cannot yet do independently, gradually removed as competence increases.
Think-Pair-Share
A cooperative learning strategy where students think about a question individually, discuss with a partner, then share with the whole class.
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